Bulgaria Health Care and Vaccinations
| Title | Special precautions |
|---|---|
| Diphtheria | Sometimes |
| Hepatitis A | Yes |
| Malaria | No |
| Rabies | Sometimes |
| Tetanus | Yes |
| Typhoid | Sometimes |
| Yellow Fever | No |
Health Care
Healthcare is available throughout Bulgaria, although standards and facilities vary. Sofia and other major cities have public and private hospitals and clinics, while medical facilities may be more limited in rural and mountain areas. Travellers should have comprehensive travel insurance covering medical treatment and repatriation.
EU nationals carrying a European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) can receive medically necessary state healthcare during a temporary stay on the same basis as Bulgarian residents. Eligible UK travellers can use a UK-issued GHIC or EHIC. These cards do not cover private healthcare or medical repatriation and are not a substitute for travel insurance.
For an ambulance, call 112. Private medical facilities are widely available in larger cities and tourist resorts, but payment may be required at the time of treatment.
Food and Drink
Tap water is safe to drink in Bulgaria. Bottled water is widely available for travellers who prefer it. Normal precautions should be taken with food, particularly food that has been inadequately cooked or stored.
Other Risks
Ticks are present in forested and rural areas and can transmit diseases including tick-borne encephalitis and Lyme disease. Travellers hiking or spending time in long grass or woodland should use insect repellent, wear suitable clothing and check for ticks afterwards.
Rabies is present in animals in Bulgaria. Travellers who are bitten or scratched by an animal should wash the wound thoroughly and seek medical attention promptly.
Altitude sickness can occur above 2,500m (8,200ft), which is relevant to high-level hiking in the Rila and Pirin mountains. Travellers should allow time to acclimatise when ascending to higher elevations.
